The screen for cognitive impairment in psychiatry (SCIP) is associated with disease severity and cognitive complaints in major depression

Objective: To assess the relationship between the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP) score and illness severity, subjective cognition and functioning in a cohort of major depressive disorder (MDD) patients.

Methods: Patients (n?=?40) diagnosed with MDD (DSM-IV-TR) completed the SCIP, a brief neuropsychological test, and a battery of self-administered questionnaires evaluating functioning (GAF, SDS, WHODAS 2.0, EDEC, PDQ-D5). Disease severity was evaluated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI).

Results: Age and sex were associated with performance in the SCIP. The SCIP-Global index score was associated with disease severity (r?=??0.316, p?<?.05), the SDS, a patient self-assessment of daily functioning (r?=??0.368, p?<?.05), and the EDEC subscales of patient-reported cognitive deficits (r?=??0.388, p?<?.05) and their functional impacts (r?=??0.335, p?<?.05). Multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex confirmed these tests are independent predictors of performance in the SCIP (CGI-S, F_[3,34]?=?4.478, p?=?.009; SDS, F_[3,34]?=?3.365, p?=?.030; EDEC-perceived cognitive deficits, F_[3,34]?=?5.216, p?=?.005; EDEC-perceived impacts of functional impairment, F_[3,34]?=?5.154, p?=?.005).

Conclusions: This study confirms that the SCIP can be used during routine clinical evaluation of MDD, and that cognitive deficits objectively assessed in the SCIP are associated with disease severity and self-reported cognitive dysfunction and impairment in daily life.     

在生物化学教学中培养医学生的科研创新能力

在教学过程中潜移默化培养医学生的科研创新能力，是实践新时代医学教育改革新理念的有益探索。生物化学是医学生的重要专业基础课程之一，探讨在生物化学教学过程中通过多种教学方法培养学生对科研的兴趣，同时，结合科研新进展，开拓学生的视野，培养学生的创新思维，提高医学生科研创新能力的思路。     

成人不寐患者中医证候临床流行病学预调查

[目的]初步了解临床中成人不寐患者的一般情况、睡眠情况及中医证候特征与规律。[方法]利用研制的成人不寐中医证候临床流行病学调查问卷和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)对2017年8月—2018年2月以不寐为主诉的成人患者进行预调查,用Excel建立数据库,并运用SPSS及Modeler进行统计分析。[结果]共回收有效问卷75份,其中被调查者66.67%为女性,平均(56.20±14.19)岁,以60~79岁年龄的人数最多,61.33%的患者是高中及以上学历,44%的患者是脑力劳动为主者;76%的患者有既往病史,涉及43个疾病。90.67%的患者为慢性不寐,81.33%为入睡困难,92%为混合型不寐,PSQI(15.12±3.22)分。73.33%患者的病因病机是情志失调,37个常见中医症状,30.67%属心脾两虚证。[结论]本次预调查的成人不寐患者以女性、老年人、脑力劳动者为主,文化程度较高,常伴有多种内科疾病;以慢性病程为主,以入睡困难者最多,多为混合型不寐;最主要的病因病机是情志失调,常见中医症状除睡眠相关主症外,常伴随精神情绪及日间功能下降症状,证候类型以心脾两虚最多。     

Next-generation Sequencing for ALK and ROS1 Rearrangement Detection in Patients With Non–small-cell Lung Cancer: Implications of FISH-positive Patterns

BackgroundDetection of ALK and ROS1 gene rearrangements in non–small-cell lung cancer is required for directing patient care. Although fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry have been established as gold standard methods, next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms are called to be at least equally successful. Comparison of these methods for translation into daily use is currently under investigation.Patients and MethodsForty non–small-cell lung cancer paraffin-embedded samples with previous ALK (n = 33) and ROS1 (n = 7) FISH results were examined with the Oncomine Focus Assay and tested for ALK and ROS1 immunoreactivity. Clinical implications of concurrent molecular alterations and concordance between methods were evaluated.ResultsNGS was successful in 32 (80%) cases: 25 ALK and 7 ROS1. Few concomitant alterations were detected: 1 ALK rearranged case had an ALK p.L1196M-resistant mutation, 4 had CDK4, MYC, and/or ALK amplifications, and 1 ROS1 rearranged case showed a FGFR4 amplification. Comparison between techniques revealed 5 (16%) discordant cases that had lower progression-free survival than concordant cases: 7.6 (95% confidence interval, 2.2-13) versus 19.4 (95% confidence interval, 10.1-28.6). Remarkably, 4 of these cases had isolated 3' signal FISH pattern (P = .026).ConclusionOur data support that the identification of 3' isolated signal FISH pattern in ALK and ROS1 cases might suggest a false-positive result. NGS seems a reliable technique to assess ALK and ROS1 rearrangements, offering the advantage over immunohistochemistry of detecting other molecular alterations with potential therapeutic implications.     

香连胃漂浮片的制备及体外释放研究

目的制备香连胃漂浮片并考察其体外释放性能。方法以羟丙基甲基纤维素K4M(hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M,HPMC-K4M)、十六醇、碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)、乳糖、聚维酮K30(povidone K30,PVP-K30)、硬脂酸镁为辅料,采用粉末压片法制备香连胃漂浮片;以盐酸小檗碱的累积释放度为指标考察制剂的体外释药性能;采用正交试验对HPMC-K4M、十六醇、NaHCO3用量进行优选。通过数据拟合方程探讨制剂中盐酸小檗碱、木香烃内酯的释药机制。结果最优处方为香连复方提取物60.0 g、HPMC-K4M30.0 g、十六醇8.0 g、NaHCO38.0 g、乳糖8.0 g、PVP-K304.8 g、硬脂酸镁1.2 g(200片量)。指标成分盐酸小檗碱和木香烃内酯的体外释药特性均符合Riger Peppas模型,为扩散与骨架溶蚀协同作用。结论成功制得香连胃漂浮片,漂浮滞后时间短,持续漂浮时间长,且具有缓释特性。     

足阳明胃经为何循行于胸腹部

人体胸腹部属阴,足阳明胃经为三阳中阳气最盛之经,其循行于胸腹部,既可充养阳经,又可固护阴经,有平衡阴阳之意。胃经为阳,冲脉为阴,足阳明胃经循行于胸腹部可能也与平衡冲脉之阴有关。胃的盛衰影响五脏,胃既可以充养人体的气血,又可以调节人体的经脉,足阳明胃经气血旺盛,循行于阴盛的胸腹部,起到调节人体气血经脉的作用,同时也濡养全身经络脏腑的气血。胃虽然为阳土,但其实有母寓之阴,其脉既循行于属阳的区域,又循行于属阴的区域,体现了胃阳中寓阴的特征。足阳明胃经向里循行至胸腹部与太阴相接,使太阴经气得开,衔接了开合枢。足阳明胃经循行于胸腹部,揭示了人体脏腑经络之间阴阳互根,五脏相关,相互联系,相互依存,密不可分的整体关系。